{"id":15329,"date":"2020-06-09T20:00:12","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T00:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/?p=15329"},"modified":"2020-06-09T20:09:51","modified_gmt":"2020-06-10T00:09:51","slug":"les-soulevements-de-2020-dune-ampleur-sans-precedent-rejoignent-un-long-fleuve-de-lutte-en-amerique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/les-soulevements-de-2020-dune-ampleur-sans-precedent-rejoignent-un-long-fleuve-de-lutte-en-amerique\/","title":{"rendered":"The 2020 uprisings, of unprecedented scale, are part of a long history of struggle in America"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"magazine\">\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<div class=\"wrapper\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption>Les manifestants ont rempli le nouveau Black Lives Plaza, pr\u00e8s de la Maison Blanche, le 6 juin 2020 \u00e0 Washington, DC. <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/news-photo\/demonstrators-gather-on-16th-street-and-the-portion-newly-news-photo\/1247318662?adppopup=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gagnez McNamee \/ Getty <\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<div class=\"content-sidebar grid-four large-grid-four grid-last\">\n<section class=\"content-authors\">\n<div class=\"content-authors-group\">\n<h3 class=\"border\">Author<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"author-331833\" class=\"vcard\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/matthew-countryman-1112502\" rel=\"author noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"fn author-name\">Matthew Countryman<\/span><\/a>\n<p class=\"role\">Pr\u00e9sident, D\u00e9partement des \u00e9tudes afro-am\u00e9ricaines et africaines, professeur agr\u00e9g\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes afro-am\u00e9ricaines et africaines, histoire et culture am\u00e9ricaine, Universit\u00e9 du Michigan<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"content-disclosure-statement\">\n<h3 class=\"border\">D\u00e9claration de divulgation<\/h3>\n<p>Matthew Countryman ne travaille pas, ne consulte pas, ne d\u00e9tient pas d&rsquo;actions ni ne re\u00e7oit de financement d&rsquo;aucune entreprise ou organisation qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficierait de cet article, et n&rsquo;a divulgu\u00e9 aucune affiliation pertinente au-del\u00e0 de sa nomination acad\u00e9mique.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"content-partners\">\n<h3 class=\"border\">Les partenaires<\/h3>\n<p class=\"funding-statement\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 du Michigan<\/a> fournit un financement en tant que partenaire fondateur de The Conversation US.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/us\/partners\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Voir tous les partenaires<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slot\" data-id=\"16\">\n<div class=\"promo\">\n<div class=\"republishPanel-3UFTR\">\n<div class=\"MuiBox-root-127 jss128 jss126\">\n<h5 class=\"MuiTypography-root-143 jss129 MuiTypography-h5-152 jss134 MuiTypography-colorInherit-165\"><\/h5>\n<div>We believe in the free flow of information<\/div>\n<h6 class=\"MuiTypography-root-143 jss173 MuiTypography-subtitle1-154 jss141 MuiTypography-colorInherit-165\">Republiez nos articles gratuitement, en ligne ou sur papier, sous une licence Creative Commons.<\/h6>\n<p><button class=\"MuiButtonBase-root-194 MuiButton-root-177 jss175 jss174 MuiButton-contained-185 MuiButton-containedPrimary-186 MuiButton-sizeSmall-191 MuiButton-fullWidth-193\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"MuiButton-label-178\">Republiez cet article<\/span><\/button><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-twelve large-grid-eleven\">\n<div class=\"top\">\n<aside class=\"grid-two content-social-distribution\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"email\"><a class=\"email-button\" href=\"mailto:?subject=2020%20uprisings%2C%20unprecedented%20in%20scope%2C%20join%20a%20long%20river%20of%20struggle%20in%20America%20%E2%80%94%20The%20Conversation&amp;body=Hi.%20I%20found%20an%20article%20that%20you%20might%20like%3A%20%222020%20uprisings%2C%20unprecedented%20in%20scope%2C%20join%20a%20long%20river%20of%20struggle%20in%20America%22%20%E2%80%94%20https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2F2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-id=\"139853\"><i class=\"icon-email\"><\/i> Email<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"twitter\"><a class=\"twitter-button\" href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=2020+uprisings%2C+unprecedented+in+scope%2C+join+a+long+river+of+struggle+in+America&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2F2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853%3Futm_source%3Dtwitter%26utm_medium%3Dbylinetwitterbutton&amp;utm_campaign=none&amp;via=ConversationUS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-url=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853\" data-id=\"139853\"><i class=\"icon-twitter\"><\/i> Twitter<span class=\"data-count\">11<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"facebook\"><a class=\"facebook-button\" href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2F2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853%3Futm_source%3Dfacebook%26utm_medium%3Dbylinefacebookbutton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-url=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853\" data-id=\"139853\"><i class=\"icon-facebook\"><\/i> Facebook<span class=\"data-count\">95<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"linkedin\"><a class=\"linkedin-button\" href=\"http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;source=The+Conversation&amp;summary=The+river+was+the+metaphor+that+best+captured+%E2%80%9Cthe+long%2C+continuous+movement%E2%80%9D+of+the+black+freedom+struggle+for+theologian%2C+historian+and+civil+rights+activist+%5BVincent+Harding%5D%28http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thekingl...&amp;title=2020+uprisings%2C+unprecedented+in+scope%2C+join+a+long+river+of+struggle+in+America&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2F2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853%3Futm_source%3Dlinkedin%26utm_medium%3Dbylinelinkedinbutton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-url=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853\" data-id=\"139853\"><i class=\"icon-linkedin\"><\/i> LinkedIn<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"print\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/2020-uprisings-unprecedented-in-scope-join-a-long-river-of-struggle-in-america-139853#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-print\"><\/i> Impression<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-ten large-grid-nine grid-last content-body content entry-content instapaper_body\">\n<p>Le fleuve \u00e9tait la m\u00e9taphore qui a le mieux captur\u00e9 \u00able long mouvement continu\u00bb de la lutte des Noirs pour la libert\u00e9 pour le th\u00e9ologien, historien et militant des droits civiques <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thekinglegacy.org\/individuals\/vincent-harding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vincent Harding<\/a> . Harding, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dacteur de discours pour le r\u00e9v\u00e9rend Martin Luther King Jr., \u00e9crivait dans son \u00e9tude r\u00e9volutionnaire de 1981 sur l&rsquo;histoire afro-am\u00e9ricaine, \u00ab <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/There_is_a_River.html?id=ppCEJb_lZh0C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Il y a une rivi\u00e8re: la lutte noire pour la libert\u00e9 en Am\u00e9rique<\/a> \u00bb que la lutte pour la libert\u00e9 \u00e9tait \u00abparfois puissant, tumultueux, bouillonnant de vie; \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres moments sinueux et turgescents. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Quand je pense \u00e0 l&rsquo;explosion soudaine de protestations antiracistes qui a submerg\u00e9 les villes du pays au cours des deux derni\u00e8res semaines, c&rsquo;est la m\u00e9taphore de Harding du fleuve qui me vient \u00e0 l&rsquo;esprit.<\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est comme si le barrage s&rsquo;\u00e9tait rompu, et les nombreux courants de la tradition de protestation am\u00e9ricaine &#8211; pas seulement la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/564299\/how-to-be-an-antiracist-by-ibram-x-kendi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tradition antiraciste<\/a> , mais les traditions de protestation <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Insurrection.html?id=ztmSAgAAQBAJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anti-entreprises<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Rethinking-the-American-Anti-War-Movement\/Hall\/p\/book\/9780415800846\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anti-guerre<\/a> ; mouvements <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sealpress.com\/titles\/rory-c-dicker\/a-history-of-u-s-feminisms\/9781580056144\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">f\u00e9minins<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/books\/The-Gay-Revolution\/Lillian-Faderman\/9781451694123\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LGBTQ<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucpress.edu\/book\/9780520293007\/we-demand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00e9tudiants<\/a> ; mouvements pour <a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Rethinking-the-American-Labor-Movement\/Faue\/p\/book\/9780415895842\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">les droits des travailleurs<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.beacon.org\/Storming-Caesars-Palace-P600.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">la justice \u00e9conomique<\/a> &#8211; se sont tous r\u00e9unis dans un fleuve massif d&rsquo;indignation et de tristesse, d&rsquo;exaltation et d&rsquo;espoir.<\/p>\n<p>Ce week-end, des dizaines de milliers de manifestants ont rejoint le fleuve lors de manifestations massives dans des centaines de villes \u00e0 travers le pays, de New York \u00e0 Jackson, Michigan, de Washington DC \u00e0 Louisville, de Philadelphie \u00e0 Seattle.<\/p>\n<h2>La rivi\u00e8re de la protestation<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/identities\/2020\/6\/2\/21277253\/george-floyd-protest-1960s-civil-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">De nombreux commentateurs<\/a> ont compar\u00e9 les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de ces derniers jours aux <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/nation-on-fire-america-in-the-wake-of-the-king-assassination\/oclc\/232358181\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soul\u00e8vements urbains qui ont secou\u00e9 125 villes<\/a> au lendemain de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/april-4-1968-martin-luther-king-jrs-death-and-how-it-changed-america\/oclc\/228440991\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">l&rsquo;assassinat de Martin Luther King, Jr. le 4 avril 1968.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Mais en tant <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upenn.edu\/pennpress\/book\/14176.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">qu&rsquo;historien des mouvements sociaux noirs<\/a> , je pense que, aussi r\u00e9pandues et destructrices que l&rsquo;\u00e9taient les r\u00e9bellions de 1968, ni leur ampleur ni le d\u00e9fi qu&rsquo;elles ont pos\u00e9 au syst\u00e8me politique am\u00e9ricain n&rsquo;ont approch\u00e9 ce que les \u00c9tats-Unis ont vu au cours des deux derni\u00e8res semaines. Selon USA Today, au 4 juin, il y avait eu des manifestations dans <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/in-depth\/graphics\/2020\/06\/03\/map-protests-wake-george-floyds-death\/5310149002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">700 villes et villages<\/a> depuis la mort de George Floyd en garde \u00e0 vue.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\"><a href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/340176\/original\/file-20200605-176560-121rqgn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/340176\/original\/file-20200605-176560-121rqgn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"enlarge_hint\"><\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Les protestations se sont r\u00e9pandues \u00e0 travers le pays, y compris \u00e0 Saint-Louis, o\u00f9 plusieurs centaines de m\u00e9decins, infirmi\u00e8res et professionnels de la sant\u00e9 ont manifest\u00e9 contre la brutalit\u00e9 polici\u00e8re et la mort de George Floyd le 5 juin 2020. <\/span><span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/news-photo\/several-hundred-doctors-nurses-and-medical-professionals-news-photo\/1217780670?adppopup=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michael B. Thomas \/ Getty Images<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Cela reste vrai m\u00eame si l&rsquo;on consid\u00e8re les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/remembering-1968-chicagos-bloody-democratic-convention\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">manifestations et les violences polici\u00e8res qui ont secou\u00e9 la Convention d\u00e9mocratique de Chicago<\/a> en ao\u00fbt 1968. De m\u00eame, la port\u00e9e et l&rsquo;ampleur des manifestations de 2020 \u00e9clipsent les gr\u00e8ves des \u00e9tudiants qui ont ferm\u00e9 des centaines de campus universitaires \u00e0 la suite des tirs de des \u00e9tudiants manifestants \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kent.edu\/may4kentstate50\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kent State<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/5836466\/jackson-state-shooting-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jackson State<\/a> en mai 1970; les six jours de protestations et de pillages qui ont secou\u00e9 Los Angeles au <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2017\/04\/26\/524744989\/when-la-erupted-in-anger-a-look-back-at-the-rodney-king-riots\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lendemain du proc\u00e8s de Rodney King en 1992<\/a> ; la \u00ab <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/business\/archive\/2014\/01\/the-dark-side-of-globalization-why-seattles-1999-protesters-were-right\/282831\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bataille de Seattle<\/a> \u00bb de 1999 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/business\/archive\/2014\/01\/the-dark-side-of-globalization-why-seattles-1999-protesters-were-right\/282831\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">, au<\/a> cours de laquelle les manifestants ont utilis\u00e9 un m\u00e9lange de tactiques non violentes et plus militantes pour perturber une conf\u00e9rence de l&rsquo;Organisation mondiale du commerce et les 650 villes qui ont accueilli les marches des femmes en janvier 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Plus que le nombre et la taille des manifestations, ce qui rend les soul\u00e8vements de 2020 sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, ce sont les fa\u00e7ons dont ils ont rassembl\u00e9 de multiples courants au sein de la tradition de protestation am\u00e9ricaine en un puissant fleuve de demande de changement fondamental dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e9pris aveugle pour la vie noire<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9tincelle, bien s\u00fbr, \u00e9tait la vid\u00e9o horrible d&rsquo;un autre meurtre par la police d&rsquo;un afro-am\u00e9ricain non arm\u00e9, George Floyd.<\/p>\n<p>La nation a \u00e9t\u00e9 confront\u00e9e \u00e0 des preuves irr\u00e9futables, diffus\u00e9es sur <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/05\/31\/us\/george-floyd-investigation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8 minutes et 46 secondes<\/a> de vid\u00e9o, non seulement du m\u00e9pris aveugle pour la vie noire, mais aussi de l&rsquo;\u00e9chec persistant des institutions politiques \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2020\/jun\/02\/police-marching-with-protesters-george-floyd-reform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">la violence polici\u00e8re raciste<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p>En plus des taux de mortalit\u00e9 disproportionn\u00e9s et des ravages \u00e9conomiques que <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/search\/result?sg=e0ebe768-27fe-48a2-8b11-3da95ca9ed49&amp;sp=1&amp;sr=1&amp;url=%2Fdoctors-cant-treat-covid-19-effectively-without-recognizing-the-social-justice-aspects-of-health-138787\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">COVID-19 a caus\u00e9s aux communaut\u00e9s de couleur<\/a> , une lumi\u00e8re <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/search\/result?sg=e0ebe768-27fe-48a2-8b11-3da95ca9ed49&amp;sp=1&amp;sr=1&amp;url=%2Fdoctors-cant-treat-covid-19-effectively-without-recognizing-the-social-justice-aspects-of-health-138787\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">crue<\/a> a \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9e sur le racisme structurel qui s\u00e9vit dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\"><a href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/340175\/original\/file-20200605-176550-q3w965.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/340175\/original\/file-20200605-176550-q3w965.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"enlarge_hint\"><\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Parmi l&rsquo;\u00e9ventail complet des demandes des manifestants, il y a celui-ci: Financer la police. <\/span><span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/news-photo\/participant-holding-a-defund-police-sign-at-the-protest-news-photo\/1216848535?adppopup=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Erik McGregor \/ LightRocket via Getty Images<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Mais alors que le meurtre de George Floyd a \u00e9t\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9tincelle, le carburant des soul\u00e8vements provient de nombreuses sources: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-health-coronavirus-snapshot\/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-coronavirus-right-now-idUSKBN23B0JG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">la pire crise \u00e9conomique et de sant\u00e9 publique depuis des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations<\/a> , trois ans et demi d&rsquo;une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/2020\/03\/30\/coronavirus-chaos-trump-divides-america-amid-crisis-column\/2934844001\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">administration pr\u00e9sidentielle conflictuelle et chaotique<\/a> , un mouvement <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/first-person\/2020\/4\/25\/21234774\/coronavirus-covid-19-protest-anti-lockdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nationaliste blanc en<\/a> plein essor et des d\u00e9cennies et des d\u00e9cennies d&rsquo; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epi.org\/publication\/decades-of-rising-economic-inequality-in-the-u-s-testimony-before-the-u-s-house-of-representatives-ways-and-means-committee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques croissantes<\/a> dans un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usnews.com\/news\/business\/articles\/2020-05-10\/pandemic-shows-contrasts-between-us-european-safety-nets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filet de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale de plus<\/a> en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usnews.com\/news\/business\/articles\/2020-05-10\/pandemic-shows-contrasts-between-us-european-safety-nets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plus d\u00e9labr\u00e9<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p>Les manifestations se sont concentr\u00e9es sur <a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/5848368\/george-floyd-police-reform-failures\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">la violence polici\u00e8re<\/a>et le programme inachev\u00e9 de justice raciale du pays. Mais la diversit\u00e9 des manifestants et l&rsquo;utilisation de tactiques de protestation &#8211; des marches et des rassemblements non violents \u00e0 la d\u00e9sob\u00e9issance civile, aux jets de pierres et au pillage &#8211; tir\u00e9s des traditions de la jeunesse, du travail et des manifestations anti-entreprises montrent clairement qu&rsquo;il y a encore plus \u00e0 jouer. dans le soul\u00e8vement.<\/p>\n<p>Le point n&rsquo;est pas, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.detroitnews.com\/story\/opinion\/2020\/06\/02\/opinion-what-role-should-whites-play-black-lives-matter\/5306655002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">comme d&rsquo;autres l&rsquo;ont fait valoir<\/a> , que c&rsquo;est le niveau d&rsquo;implication des blancs dans les manifestations qui les distingue des points forts ant\u00e9rieurs de la protestation antiraciste. Il existe en fait <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/inside-agitators-white-southerners-in-the-civil-rights-movement\/oclc\/29356791\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">une longue histoire de soutien<\/a> et de participation <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/inside-agitators-white-southerners-in-the-civil-rights-movement\/oclc\/29356791\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blancs aux<\/a> mouvements de protestation noirs.<\/p>\n<p>Ce qui est sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, c&rsquo;est la fa\u00e7on dont les manifestants de toutes races et ethnies ont concentr\u00e9 leur col\u00e8re sur les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/california\/story\/2020-05-31\/looting-vandalism-leaves-downtown-l-a-stunned\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">quartiers d&rsquo;affaires haut<\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/california\/story\/2020-05-31\/looting-vandalism-leaves-downtown-l-a-stunned\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gamme<\/a> et les cha\u00eenes de distribution nationales (par opposition aux entreprises de quartier), tandis que d&rsquo;autres ont appel\u00e9 \u00e0 la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2020\/jun\/04\/defund-the-police-us-george-floyd-budgets?CMP=share_btn_fb&amp;fbclid=IwAR1U2O77q-fK-cm-vmtvPdoo3gspqjxEWy_AmxTjpoE05-gg2P72XValGaI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">r\u00e9orientation des d\u00e9penses publiques de la police<\/a> , des prisons et autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments du syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale aux programmes de sant\u00e9 et de protection sociale.<\/p>\n<p>Malgr\u00e9, ou peut-\u00eatre en raison de la nature d\u00e9centralis\u00e9e et sans leader des manifestations, ils ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 mettre sur la table l&rsquo;ensemble des r\u00e9formes sociales et \u00e9conomiques les plus vastes et les plus compl\u00e8tes depuis la <a href=\"https:\/\/kinginstitute.stanford.edu\/encyclopedia\/poor-peoples-campaign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">campagne des Pauvres<\/a> qui a suivi l&rsquo;assassinat de Martin Luther King en 1968. .<\/p>\n<p>Des appels \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/05\/30\/opinion\/george-floyd-police-funding.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transf\u00e9rer le financement des<\/a> budgets <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/05\/30\/opinion\/george-floyd-police-funding.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">de la police<\/a>aux programmes pour les pauvres aux propositions de renouvellement <a href=\"https:\/\/www.minnpost.com\/state-government\/2020\/06\/the-killing-of-george-floyd-is-rewriting-the-agenda-for-the-minnesota-legislatures-special-session\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">des investissements publics<\/a> dans les entreprises minoritaires et les quartiers urbains, les soul\u00e8vements sont susceptibles de remodeler les d\u00e9bats sur les politiques publiques pour les mois, voire les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.<\/p>\n<p>Il est impossible de savoir si les protestations peuvent ou vont se transformer en campagnes soutenues pour r\u00e9former le syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale ou relancer les programmes gouvernementaux pour les pauvres et les \u00e9conomiquement opprim\u00e9s. Pour atteindre ce niveau de changement structurel, il faudra d\u00e9velopper rapidement de nouvelles formes de leadership et de nouvelles structures organisationnelles pour le mouvement de contestation.<\/p>\n<p>Mais aussi improbable que cela puisse para\u00eetre, rappelez-vous que personne n&rsquo;aurait pu pr\u00e9dire que les \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e9taient au bord de ce niveau de mobilisation de masse des manifestations antiracistes il y a deux semaines \u00e0 peine<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les manifestants ont rempli le nouveau Black Lives Plaza, pr\u00e8s de la Maison Blanche, le 6 juin 2020 \u00e0 Washington, DC. Gagnez McNamee \/ Getty Auteur Matthew Countryman Pr\u00e9sident, D\u00e9partement des \u00e9tudes afro-am\u00e9ricaines et africaines, professeur agr\u00e9g\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes afro-am\u00e9ricaines et africaines, histoire et culture am\u00e9ricaine, Universit\u00e9 du Michigan D\u00e9claration de divulgation Matthew Countryman ne travaille<\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"","rank_math_title":"","rank_math_description":"","rank_math_canonical_url":"","rank_math_robots":null,"rank_math_facebook_title":"","rank_math_facebook_description":"","rank_math_twitter_title":"","rank_math_twitter_description":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-latribune"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15329"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15329\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antilla-martinique.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}